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Livestock Guardian Dogs (LGDs)
Livestock guardian dogs are a fairly effective short-term deterrent. The Kangal Shepherd dog is commonly bred and specially trained for this task. Other breeds include the Great Pyrenees, the Anatolian Shepherd Dog, and the Kuvasz. Livestock guardian dogs are trained to alert the rancher to a nearby wolf and can be driven away. Chances are, if a wolf notices that a dog (or multiple dogs) is nearby, they will see it as a threat to them or their offspring and will avoid conflict. However, livestock guardian dogs are only effective in the short term. Visit: woodriverwolfproject.org for more information.
Drone Hazing
Drone hazing is an effective non-lethal technique used to haze wolves away from livestock and other animals. In 2022, USDA Wildlife Services conducted a study in southwestern Oregon where drone hazing was used to deter wolves from livestock. During the 85-day study, 51 wolf-livestock interactions occurred. From July 12th & August 1st, 11 depredations were confirmed with drones absent. Within that same period, drones were added, and only two depredations occurred; proving them to be highly effective and non-lethal.
Turbo Fladry
Turbo fladry is an effective deterrent that prevents conflicts with wolves and other predators. Turbo fladry is a series of bright red nylon flags attached to an electric wire. Wolves are often reluctant to approach, and the electric wiring delivers a quick, sharp shock when an animal touches it. Most animals will be discouraged from approaching the fence because of the association with shock. Set Installation assistance is readily available through online guides such as the NRDC's Informational Guide and specialized organizations.
Scare Devices
A scare device refers to the use of light and noise to frighten/discourage wolves and other predators from attacking livestock and prevent a potential predation. The devices include, but are not limited to, paintballs, rubber bullets, cracker shells, propane cannons, strobe lights, foxlights, etc., most of which can be purchased and used with permission from the federal authority.